Matthias nahrendorf biography of mahatma gandhi

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    Published in final edited form as: Circulation. Oct 23;(25)– doi: /CIRCULATIONAHA

    Ling Xiao

    Ling Xiao, PhD

    1Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

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    1, Joe-Elie Salem

    Joe-Elie Salem, MD, PhD

    2Clinical Pharmacology, Sorbonne University, INSERM, APHP, UNICO-GRECO Cardio-oncology schema, Sorbonne University, ISERM, APHP, UNICO-GRECO Cardio-oncology Program, Hospital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.

    3Clinical Investigation Center, Paris, France

    4Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Cardio-Oncology schema, Division of Cardiovascular medicin, Nashville, TN

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    2,3,4, Sebastian Clauss

    Sebastian Clauss, MD

    5Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

    6Department of Medicine inom, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of Munich, Germany

    Fin

    Abstract

    Elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases account for a large proportion of Corona virus Disease (COVID)related deaths. COVID, as a new coronavirus, mainly targets the patient’s lung triggering a cascade of innate and adaptive immune responses in the host. The principal causes of death among COVID patients, especially elderly subjects with cardiovascular diseases, are acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and microvascular thrombosis. All prompted by an excessive uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response. Immunosenescence, characterized by systemic and chronic inflammation as well as innate/adaptive immune imbalance, presents both in the elderly and cardiovascular patients. COVID infection further aggravates the existing inflammatory process and lymphocyte depletion leading to uncontrollable systemic inflammatory responses, which is the primary cause of death. Based on the higher mortality, this study attempts to eluci

    A potential association between immunosenescence and high COVID related mortality among elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases

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    Immunity & Ageingvolume 18, Article number: 25 () Cite this article

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    Abstract

    Elderly patients with cardiovascular diseases account for a large proportion of Corona virus Disease (COVID)related deaths. COVID, as a new coronavirus, mainly targets the patient’s lung triggering a cascade of innate and adaptive immune responses in the host. The principal causes of death among COVID patients, especially elderly subjects with cardiovascular diseases, are acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and microvascular thrombosis. All prompted by an excessive uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response. Immunosenescence, characterized by systemic and chronic inflammation as well as innate/adaptive immune imbalance, pre

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